Chemical Formula: (C₂₀H₂₄CaO₁₀S₂)ₙ
Physical Appearance: Light brown to dark brown powder, granules, or liquid. Has a mild, characteristic lignin/sulfite-like odor. Highly soluble in water; insoluble in most organic solvents.
Applications: It is used as a pellet binder in poultry, ruminant, aquaculture and pet feeds. It improves pellet durability index (PDI), mechanical strength, and dust reduction.

In agriculture, it is used in granular fertilizers, liquid fertilizers & suspensions as binder; and used in micronutrient fertilizers (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) as dispersant and chelating agent. It improves nutrient availability and formulation stability.

It is also used in construction chemicals as plasticizer/water-reducing agent for ready-mix and precast concretes, and cement grinding aids.

In addition, it is used as dispersant in pigment & dyes and dust suppressant in roads, mining and coal handling.